![]() ![]() ![]() This implies identifying and focusing on the most important issues in typical supply chain systems to face and find effective solutions for. The dynamic environment of extreme global competitiveness presents firms, small and large, with domestic or international novel challenges and issues to consider. Managing the supply chain has become more challenging and requires innovative thinking to reduce the total cost of the chain. This has contributed to increase costs in transportation systems, which are highly dependent on fossil fuels. For example, the constant increase in energy costs and the rapid economic growth causing a boost in the demand for products and services in new emerging economic power countries such as Brazil, India, and China. This evolution has driven firms to be more agile, flexible, adaptive, and cost effective, providing services and products that fulfill their customers’ requirements. The concept of supply chain has evolved progressively over time, from simple supplier systems with one or two suppliers to global chains with complex networks of suppliers, vendors, warehouses, manufacturers, shippers, wholesalers, and/or retailers. Global supply chain has continued to gain great attention in recent decades due to globalization and economic policies by companies striving to gain bigger market share and countries that make every effort for freer trade. ![]()
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